What's the difference between a Spanish CIF and NIF number?

What's the Difference Between a Spanish CIF, NIF, DNI, and NIE Number?

When sending parcels to Spain or importing parcels from Spain, your customs declaration should include the correct ID numbers in addition to the EORI number. Knowing which identification number is needed is essential, as the requirements differ depending on the recipient or exporter in Spain.

Here’s a breakdown of the primary identification numbers you may encounter:

DNI (National Identity Document)

The DNI is the personal identification document specifically for Spanish citizens. Issued by the National Police, the DNI contains essential information, such as the holder's name, photograph, date of birth, and signature. It’s used for various identification purposes, from banking transactions to internal travel within Spain.

NIF (Tax Identification Number)

The NIF serves as a tax identification number for both individuals and legal entities in Spain. For individuals, the NIF usually coincides with the DNI for Spanish nationals, while for companies and other entities, it’s unique and specific to tax, commercial, and contractual purposes. The NIF may include letters that designate the type of entity it identifies.

NIE (Foreigner Identification Number)

The NIE is designated for foreign nationals who need to conduct official procedures in Spain, such as employment, studies, or property purchases. The format is similar to the NIF but is intended exclusively for non-Spanish citizens. The NIE is essential for carrying out any legal or formalised activities within the country.

CIF (Tax Identification Code for Companies)

The CIF was previously the tax ID number specific to companies and legal entities in Spain. However, following Royal Decree 1065/2007, the CIF was replaced by the NIF in 2008. Companies now use a NIF, which includes a specific initial letter to indicate the type of entity, followed by a unique set of numbers.

Summary

• DNI: The primary identification document for Spanish nationals.
• NIF: The tax identification code used by individuals and entities, replacing the CIF for companies in 2008.
• NIE: The foreigner identification number required for non-Spanish citizens conducting official matters in Spain.
• CIF: No longer in use since 2008; has been fully replaced by the NIF for companies and legal entities.

Using the Correct ID Number for Shipping

To ensure smooth customs processing when shipping parcels to or from Spain, it’s essential to use the correct, current identification numbers:

• For Spanish nationals receiving or sending parcels, include the DNI/NIF.
• For foreign nationals in Spain, use the NIE.
• For companies or legal entities, ensure the NIF is supplied, as the CIF is no longer valid.

Understanding these distinctions helps avoid confusion and ensures compliance with Spanish identification standards for both tax and customs declarations.